Agriculture

A 43-year-old worker was seriously injured whilst undertaking maintenance work on an auger. The worker’s hand became entangled and was partially amputated.

An unguarded auger looking up from beneath the auger. — The unguarded auger, looking up from beneath the auger.

Safety information

Auger intakes and harvesting machinery can cause serious and fatal injuries if not used safely. Consider ‘reasonably practicable’ control measures to manage the risks associated with the use and maintenance of augers.

Install machine guarding

Ensure:

all moving parts including, but not limited to, the auger screw, drive belts, pulleys, chains, sprockets and drive shafts are fully guarded, including back guarding to prevent contact from behind
there is a correctly fitted intake guard installed
at the infeed end of the auger, a permanently fixed inner guard is installed over the flight (screw). An outer guard should be installed over the auger’s flight when it is not being used in a silo, grain bin or a guarded hopper
all machine guarding is compliant with Australian Standard AS 4024
an emergency stop button is easily accessible near the auger inlet.

Implement and follow safe systems of work

Ensure:

workers receive adequate training and instruction in the correct use of the machinery and auger
workers are supervised during machinery use and maintenance activities
safe work procedures are implemented and followed by all workers
the auger is only used in line with the original manufacturer’s specifications
the work environment and task are assessed for potential risks prior to work being undertaken
when moving grain augers always check for overhead power lines
an exclusion zone is enforced around the auger during use
workers wear adequate personal protective equipment (PPE)
emergency plans are prepared, maintained and implemented.

Perform regular maintenance

Ensure:

the auger is inspected by a competent person prior to use. Any defects identified must be reported and rectified before use
the auger is maintained in line with the original manufacturer’s specifications
isolation and a lock out/tag out system is implemented when performing maintenance and cleaning and guards are replaced before the auger is restarted
a suitable blockage clearing device that is designed for the purpose is provided. Do not use hands, feet or other objects to clear blockages.

Related guidance material

Managing the risks of plant in the workplace - Code of Practice
Plant, machinery and equipment
Equipment on farms
How to use machine guarding - SafeWork NSW YouTube
Australian Standard AS 4024

Further information

Traumatic event management plan – SafeWork NSW
Speak Up Save Lives App – SafeWork NSW
Mental health at work – NSW Government
Subscribe to SafeWork NSW newsletters and updates

Side-by-vehicles have been involved in several incidents resulting in serious injuries and fatalities. Using a correctly fitted seatbelt, wearing a helmet and closing the door or cab net could save your life.

Safety information

Consider ‘reasonably practicable’ control measures to manage the risks associated with operating Side-by-side vehicles.

Ensure:

you choose the right vehicle for the task and terrain
operators have adequate information, training, instruction and supervision to safely operate and maintain the vehicle as well as understand the risks associated with using these vehicles
seatbelts are worn (including passengers)
helmets are worn (including passengers)
doors / cab nets are closed
only suitable attachments are used (follow manufacturers recommendations)
safe operating procedures are followed (available from manufacturer)
the key is removed and stored away from children when not in use
the vehicle is regularly maintained and used in accordance with manufacturers’ instructions
you never allow kids under 16 to operate an SSV
you never exceed load limits
you never carry passengers in the rear cargo tray.

Statistics

Since July 2023 there have been nine incidents involving side-by-side vehicles resulting in fatal or serious injuries.

Related guidance material

Further information

Traumatic event management plan – SafeWork NSW
Speak Up Save Lives App – SafeWork NSW
Mental health at work – NSW Government
Subscribe to SafeWork NSW newsletters and updates

A 41-year-old worker was undertaking flood remediation work on an access road using a 2.5 tonne tandem drum roller to compact road base. As he was operating the roller on the slope parallel to the road the roller slid, partially crushing him as it turned over. The worker suffered severe crush injuries and was ejected approximately 5 metres from the overturned roller.

A tandem roller on its side, positioned on an embankment. — The tandem drum roller the injured worker was operating at the incident site.

Safety information

Consider ‘reasonably practicable’ control measures to manage the risks associated with using mobile plant.

Ensure:

safe systems of work are established and maintained in relation to the use of mobile plant
site conditions are assessed for potential hazards before commencing any work. For example, a competent person should assess ground conditions and put systems in place to eliminate or minimise (if not reasonably practicable to eliminate) the site-specific risks, so far as is reasonably practicable
only mobile plant that is specifically designed for the work task is used
operators are provided with information, training and instruction so they are competent in the correct use of the mobile plant
mobile plant and machinery are only operated within the design limits as prescribed by the original equipment manufacturer (OEM)
a safe system of work is developed and followed by all workers. The system of work must detail the:
- tasks to be performed
- how the tasks are to be performed
- the location of the tasks.
suitable safety devices to protect operators are installed, used, and maintained. For example, seatbelts
plant and machinery are inspected, tested and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations
an emergency response plan is in place and has been specifically developed for the task
mobile plant is securely stored when not in use to prevent unauthorised access or use.

Related guidance material

Further information

Traumatic event management plan – SafeWork NSW
Mental health at work – NSW Government
Speak Up Save Lives App – SafeWork NSW
Subscribe to SafeWork NSW newsletters and updates

A 20-year-old casual worker who was collecting and analysing grain samples became seriously injured when a newly purchased petrol-powered generator exploded. The explosion happened while the generator was being refuelled with a jerry can. The generator was expected to operate consistently for 14 hours and required refuelling about every 2 hours to constantly power a demountable office building and its equipment. The fire destroyed the generator and the demountable office building, and the young worker sustained severe burns to her face and body.

A demoutable building that has been burnt.

Photos of the burnt generator and demountable office building.

Safety information

Consider ‘reasonably practicable’ control measures to manage the risks associated with generator refuelling.

Ensure:

a risk assessment is undertaken to ensure control measures are in place to eliminate any heat and possible ignition sources and control the accumulation of flammable and combustible substances when refuelling
prior to refuelling, the engine and all electrical equipment are turned off and the engine allowed to cool as per the manufacturer’s instructions
you follow manufacturer's recommendations, and operating procedures
you establish designated refuelling areas on firm ground or earth and in a well-ventilated location
you have suitable firefighting equipment in good working order that is easily accessible
you use approved fuel containers and funnels to reduce the risk of generating static electricity while decanting petrol
you provide instruction, training and supervision to all workers on the safe use, storage and handling of hazardous chemicals
you wear appropriate personal protective equipment for the task.

Related guidance material

Further information

Traumatic event management plan – SafeWork NSW
Mental health at work – NSW Government
Speak Up Save Lives App – SafeWork NSW
Subscribe to SafeWork NSW newsletters and updates

Auger intakes and harvesting machinery are a major cause of harm and injury. There have been two recent incidents in the agriculture industry involving young workers who suffered serious injuries after becoming entangled in unguarded augers. Young workers (aged up to 25) are considered a group of workers who are at increased risk in the workplace and require additional consideration when managing health and safety.

Grafton

28 July 2023

A 21-year-old worker was monitoring the flow of grain in an unguarded auger at a cattle farm when her hand became entangled in the auger. The worker suffered severe injuries to her right hand including a severed finger and significant damage to other fingers.

A close up of an unguarded auger surrounded by grain.

Walgett

6 August 2023

A 17-year-old worker was operating a grain mill at a feedlot when his foot became entangled and pulled into the moving auger. Emergency services attended site and cut the outer casing of the auger to free the worker’s foot. The worker suffered serious injuries to his foot.

Safety information

Consider ‘reasonably practicable’ control measures to manage the risks associated with working near augers.

Ensure:

parts of the auger that can cause injury are adequately guarded
when access is not required during operation, maintenance or cleaning, the guarding is a permanent fixed barrier
when access is required during operation, maintenance or cleaning, the guarding is an interlocked physical barrier that prevents access during operation of the plant
if either of the above are not reasonably practicable, the guarding is a physical barrier that can only be removed using a tool, otherwise a presence-sensing safeguard system is used
isolation and lock out/tag out systems are implemented when non-permanent guards are removed for maintenance and cleaning purposes and guards are replaced before the auger is restarted
a suitable blockage clearing device is provided. Do not use hands or feet to clear blockages
emergency stops are installed, clearly and durably marked, accessible and tested so they remain effective
emergency plans are prepared, maintained and implemented
adequate training and instruction is provided to all workers for the safe use of powered plant
adequate supervision of young and inexperienced workers
suitable communication systems are in place.

Related guidance material

Further information

Traumatic event management plan – SafeWork NSW
Mental health at work – NSW Government
Speak Up Save Lives App – SafeWork NSW
Subscribe to SafeWork NSW newsletters and updates

A 40-year-old worker died when the tractor he was driving rolled shortly after crossing a cattle grid in Western NSW.

A road in a rural location. There is a cattle grid across a portion of the road, from left to right.

The road and cattle grid, where the incident occured.

Safety information

Farmers and farm workers are at risk of fatal or serious injury operating or working with tractors, implements and attachments.

Ensure:

Consider these ‘reasonably practicable’ control measures to manage the risks associated with tractors:

before using a tractor with an attachment consider the risks to the operator, machine and environment in which it will operate
attachments used on the tractor are:
- designed for the task being carried out
- installed and secured to the item of plant in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions
- suitable for the load being moved or lifted
- regularly inspected and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions
tractors between 560 and 15,000 kgs must be fitted with an approved Roll Over Protective Structure (ROPS)
seat belts should be worn at all times when operating a tractor
tractor operators are trained and competent in the correct use of the tractor and any attachments, and have access to all relevant safety information provided by the manufacturer.

Related guidance material

Further information

A 67-year-old owner of an olive farm in Bumbaldry sustained fatal injuries when he was crushed between the hydraulic clamp of an olive harvester.

A piece of moving plant used to harvest olives, situated in a farm setting

The olive harvester at the incident scene

Safety information

Many farm-related fatalities involve harvesting machinery. Consider ‘reasonably practicable’ control measures to manage the risks associated with the use of farm machinery.

Ensure:

you establish and maintain agreed safe systems of work in relation to the use and operation of the machinery
plant is properly immobilised, for example parked on a flat, level, hard surface, park brake engaged, ignition turned off and keys removed. Never attempt to access the plant or vehicle if it starts to roll
bollards, barriers, safety rails and exclusion zones are in place to separate people from moving plant and vehicles
the surrounding areas are inspected, and any potential risks such as over-head power lines and uneven ground are identified, and control measures are implemented to minimise the risk
before operating the plant, look in all directions for people and be aware of the exclusion zones
plant and machinery are inspected, tested and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations
workers have the necessary training, experience, and supervision to identify hazards and control risks associated with carrying out maintenance on machinery
adequate lighting is available to enable the task and any machine maintenance to be carried out safely.

Related guidance material

Managing the risks of plant in the workplace – Safe Work Australia
Guide for managing the risks of machinery in rural workplaces – Safe Work Australia
How to manage work health and safety risks – Code of Practice (PDF, 556.72 KB)
The A-Z of farm safety guide – SafeWork NSW (PDF, 5673.78 KB)
Farm safety self-assessment (PDF, 478.11 KB)

Further information

A 42-year old worker was undertaking embankment remediation work from a boom-type elevating work platform (EWP) when he was hit by a tree, causing him to be catapulted from the platform. The worker fell approximately 11 metres to the ground. The worker was wearing a fall arrest harness but the lanyard was not connected to the anchor point on the work platform.

An elevating work platform (EWP) positioned on an unsealed embankment, extended towards high trees An elevating work platform showing signs of damage following an accident

EWP on embankment and a close-up of damage to the work platform

Safety information

In Australia, you need to be authorised by a high-risk work licence to carry out high-risk work. High-risk work includes operating specified machinery, including boom-type elevating work platforms (WP) where the boom length is 11 metres or more.

Consider ‘reasonably practicable’ control measures to manage the risks associated with working from heights including work from an elevated work platform.

Ensure:

the right EWP is chosen for the job and only use it for the purpose it was designed
the rated capacity of the EWP is not exceeded
information, instruction, and training is provided to workers who use EWPs
workers are trained in emergency procedures so occupants can be rescued in the event of an emergency
workers hold a current high-risk work licence for boom type elevating work platforms where the boom length is of 11 metres or more
a prestart (pre-operational) inspection is carried out and information in the logbook is verified
operational checks are carried out to ensure the EWP is safe to use
the ground conditions are suitable for ensuring the stability of the EWP, including operating on inclines
hazards associated with working from an EWP are identified and risks are eliminated where reasonably practicable. To help you do this, complete a safe work method statement (SWMS) in consultation with others to ensure all hazards and risks are accounted for
EWPs are not operated if wind speed rating exceeds the maximum limits (as shown on the compliance plate)
a safety harness is worn at all times and the lanyard is attached to a designated anchor point on the EWP
safe distances are maintained when working near overhead electric lines
exclusion zones are set up to keep the EWP separated from pedestrians, other workers, and traffic including other mobile plant
EWP is regularly inspected and maintained.

Related guidance material

Managing the risks of falls at workplaces - Code of Practice (PDF, 2326.56 KB)
Managing the risks of plant in the workplace – Code of Practice (PDF, 1987.96 KB)
High risk work licenses – SafeWork NSW
AS2550.10 Cranes, Hoists and Winches - Mobile elevating work platform – Safe use – Australian Standard
AS1418.10 Crane, Hoists and Winches - Mobile elevating work platforms – Australian Standard

Further information

A 28-year-old farm worker suffered fatal injuries when the backhoe he was operating slid approximately 2 metres into a culvert and landed on its side. The worker was ejected from the machine and pinned under the cabin structure.

Overturned backhoe near a creek — The backhoe at the incident scene.

Safety information

Many farm related fatalities involve tractors, agricultural equipment and earth moving machinery. Consider ‘reasonably practicable’ control measures to manage the risks associated with the use of farm machinery and isolated or remote work.

Ensure:

there are systems in place to ensure the health and safety of workers performing remote or isolated work
site conditions are assessed for potential hazards i.e., ground conditions and systems are in place to eliminate and/or manage the site-specific risks
appropriate machinery is selected for the job task
a work plan is developed and is followed by all workers. The work plan must detail the:
- tasks to be performed
- how the tasks are to be performed
- the location of the tasks.
workers are trained and competent in the use of plant and machinery
safety devices such as seatbelts are fitted to plant and utilised as part of the safe system of work
an emergency response plan is in place
plant and machinery are regularly inspected and maintained by a competent person
plant is properly immobilised e.g., parked on a flat, level, hard surface, park brake engaged, ignition turned off and keys removed. Never attempt to access the plant or vehicle if it starts to roll
plant is securely stored when not in use to prevent unauthorised access or use.

Related guidance material

Further information

A truck driver has sustained serious injuries when struck by a hay bale weighing approximately 570kg. The bale fell from a truck whilst being unloaded at a rural property in Aberfoyle.

Safety information

Consider ‘reasonably practicable’ control measures to manage the risks associated with unloading heavy loads using mobile plant.

Ensure:

plant and machinery are designed for the task, and regularly inspected, tested and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations
a detailed traffic management plan including the establishment of a clearly defined exclusion zone and procedures is implemented and enforced
workers have the necessary training, experience and supervision to identify hazards and control the risks associated with unloading heavy loads and the general operation of mobile plant
hay bales are never stacked higher than the lifting capabilities of the handling equipment being used
to never load more bales onto handling equipment, to a height higher than the equipment is designed to handle, nor heavier than the rated capacity of the machine
care is taken not to dislodge other bales – when lifting bales off a stack and reversing away, ensure that the bales are well clear before moving – do not ‘drag’ the bale across the surface of the bale below, this can lead to stacks becoming unstable
stacks are always safe and checked regularly for movement
bales are never removed from the bottom of overlapping layers, leaving overhanging bales unsupported
a safe means to access the stack is always used.

Always remember – falls from stacks may occur during destacking. This can be caused by trying to free jammed bales, picking up bales with broken strings, and falling from edges. When destacking, plan the work to avoid incidents like these

Related guidance material

Further information

A 33-year-old farmer sustained fatal head injuries during the extraction of a bogged bulldozer at his neighbour’s farm in Regional NSW. He had been assisting his neighbour with the extraction when one of the two D-Shackles connecting the recovery strap failed and was propelled through the glass door of the bulldozer.

A tractor bogged in mud in a field

An example of bogged farm machinery.

Safety information

There have been multiple fatal incidents involving the extraction of bogged agricultural plant in NSW over the past 12 months. The incidents involved the failure and subsequent propulsion of recovery straps and/or equipment through the windscreen of the plant during the attempted extraction.

Farming accounts for one in every five worker deaths. Reduce the risk to workers and others involved in vehicle and farm equipment recovery by:

assessing the work environment and conditions prior to commencing work
- avoid using vehicles and farm equipment if there is a likelihood of becoming bogged
- postpone the work until conditions improve
creating an exclusion zone around the vehicle or piece of equipment during the recovery activity
- only the vehicle operator and those necessary in the recovery should be allowed inside the exclusion zone
- ensure an effective communication method is established between them (voice, radio, hand signals)
ensuring anyone within the exclusion zone is standing at 90 degrees to the axis of the tow line
- do not stand at either end of the tow line as you are at higher risk of injury if the tow line breaks
only using straps and attachments that are correctly rated for the weight and type of work involved
using a recovery damper to reduce the force of the recoil and risk of injury if the recovery line does break
only using anchor points on vehicles and machinery approved by the manufacturer
aborting the extraction of the bogged vehicle or equipment if things are not going to plan
choosing plant with laminated glass and external structural protection where available
- consult the original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) for tougher glass options and operator cabin protection in mobile plant
only using well maintained and approved equipment in line with the manufacturer’s instructions
performing a risk assessment before attempting any vehicle or equipment recovery
ensuring you have an emergency procedure in place.

Related guidance material

Further information

Download this Incident Information Release (PDF, 271.68 KB)

A 45-year-old worker sustained serious injuries whilst undertaking engine repairs underneath a front-end-loader at a property located in Euabalong. The hydraulic jacks beneath the loader gave way, pinning the worker at the pelvis and hips.

Front-end-loader involved in the incident

Safety information

Incidents involving farm vehicles are a major cause of injury and death in the agriculture industry. Vehicle related incidents involve rollovers, vehicles running over people and incidents caused by unsafe maintenance activities.

Implement ‘reasonably practicable’ control measures to manage the risks related to working around farm vehicles.

Ensure:

if plant is not in use, it should be stored so it does not create a risk to workers or other people in the workplace
plant and machinery are inspected, tested and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations
any inspection, maintenance or testing is carried out by a competent person
control measures are implemented to eliminate, or if that is not reasonably practicable, minimise the:
- risk to health and safety of people during storage. For example, release stored energy, lower moving parts that fall under gravity and provide support to prevent toppling
- risks of damage to plant during storage. For example, risks may arise from corrosion because of exposure to residues of hazardous substances and deteriorating consumables
the surrounding areas are inspected, and any potential risks are identified, and control measures are implemented to minimise the risk
the worker does not place themselves in a position where they are at risk of serious injury
workers have the necessary training, experience, and supervision to identify hazards and control risks associated with carrying out maintenance on heavy machinery.

Related guidance material

Managing the risks of plant in the workplace – Safe Work Australia
Guide for managing the risks of machinery in rural workplaces – Safe Work Australia
The A-Z of farm safety guide (PDF, 5673.78 KB) – SafeWork NSW
Refer to the Operators Manual provided by the plant manufacturer.

Further information

Traumatic event management plan – SafeWork NSW
Mental health at work – NSW Government
Speak Up Save Lives App – SafeWork NSW
Subscribe to SafeWork NSW newsletters and updates

Download this Incident Information Release (PDF, 386.18 KB)

A 22-year-old farmhand was preparing animal feed in the bucket of a front-end loader when the loader moved forward crushing the farmhand between it and the pallets of packaged mineral supplement.

Safety information

Machinery accounts for a high proportion of farm injuries or fatalities with tractor accidents being highly represented in farm injury and fatality statistics.

Implement ‘reasonably practicable’ control measures to manage the risks related to working with and around farm machinery.

Make sure:

plant and machinery are inspected, tested, and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations
any inspection, maintenance or testing is completed by a competent person, and recorded for future reference
workers have the necessary training, experience and supervision to identify hazards, and control the risks associated with the uncontrolled movement and general operation of mobile plant.

Before operating mobile plant, you:

must be trained and deemed competent to operate the mobile plant – make sure you understand the operating controls, and the manufacturer’s instructions on safe operation and maintenance
should always conduct pre-start and operational safety checks to confirm the mobile plant is safe to operate, including testing braking systems.

Related information

Managing the risks of plant in the workplace – SafeWork NSW Code of Practice
Managing the risks of machinery in rural workplaces – SafeWork Australia
The A-Z of farm safety – SafeWork NSW
Farm machinery fact sheet – SafeWork NSW
Refer to the Operators Manual – provided by the plant manufacturer

Download this Incident Information Release as a PDF (PDF, 506.06 KB)

A 19-year-old farm worker sustained fatal injuries in a quad bike roll over incident. The incident occurred while maneuvering through a grassed creek. The worker had been tasked with spraying thistles from the quad bike.

Image of the creekbed where the incident took place — Incident location

Safety Information

Quad bikes continue to be the biggest killer on Australian farms, with roll over the most common cause of death. Over 80% of quad bike fatalities in NSW are due to quad bike roll over.

Farm owners and operators must be aware that quad bikes are high risk vehicles and are not safe for use on all terrains or for all tasks.

As a farm owner or farm operator you are responsible for anyone operating a quad bike at your workplace. You must identify the risks associated with quad bike use and do what you are reasonably able to do to eliminate those risks.

Before using a quad bike at your workplace:

choose the safest vehicle for the job - ensure a quad bike is appropriate for the task, terrain, and the rider
install an operator protection device (OPD), also known as a roll bar to your quad bike
tell someone where you are going and when you plan to return – carry a communication device
check weights and positioning of items being transported
stabilise loads and consider using internal baffles in tanks to reduce the movement of liquid
check the tyre pressure before use and at regular intervals
use and maintain the quad bike in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions
assess the environmental conditions and be aware of long grass, rocks, trees, fallen branches, creeks, and gullies, and where the ground is soft or affected by weather or other conditions
ensure the rider is trained and capable to safely operate and maintain the quad bike
ensure no children under 16 ride on adult sized quad bikes – even as a passenger.

When using a quad bike at your workplace:

wear a compliant helmet and other personal protective equipment such as goggles and sturdy footwear
ride at a speed suitable for the conditions
avoid traversing on steep, uneven, or slippery terrain.

More information

Quad Bike Safety - SafeWork NSW
Quad Bike Side by Side Vehicles – SafeWork NSW
Quad Bike Safety Rebate Program – SafeWork NSW
Quad Bike and Side by Side Vehicle Training Program – SafeWork NSW
Quad Bike Workplace Safety Survey Study - UNSW

Download this Incident Information Release as a PDF

A grain farmer received serious injuries when he fell approximately 10 metres from the top of a silo. New silos had been installed at the property and a witness report indicates that the farmer was releasing the lid on the first silo when he attempted to jump to the second silo and fell.

Top of silo and access lid

Top of silo and access lid

Access ladder of top of silo

Access ladder of top of silo

Safety information

Incidents of falls when moving between two silos can be prevented by providing safe elevated access between the silos, such as a fixed walkway with suitable guardrails or enclosure. Alternately, the silos could be positioned far enough apart that jumping between them is not possible.

Never jump from one silo to another

This is a timely reminder that work on or around silos is dangerous. For more information on general silo safety please visit the SafeWork NSW Silo Safety webpage.

Statistics

Falls from silos, windmills, buildings and machinery during maintenance and harvest are among the main causes of death and injury on farms. 30 people have died on Australian farms in the last decade falling from heights. Don’t take chances, always be safe working at heights.

More information

Managing the risks of falls at workplaces – Code of Practice
Silo safety – Falls from heights video – SafeWork NSW
Silo safety self-assessment checklist - SafeWork NSW

Download this Information Incident Release as a PDF

A 19-year-old worker was struck by a forklift while assisting to collect chickens within a poultry shed. The forklift was moving forward carrying a module of cages in front of the cabin when it struck the worker. The worker sustained fatal injuries as a result of the incident.

Safety information

Consider ‘reasonably practicable’ control measures to manage the risks associated with operating forklifts.

Businesses:

separate people from moving forklifts, using barriers or guardrails
if you cannot physically separate forklifts from people, designate exclusion zones
if your forklifts do not have safety features, consider retro-fitting warning devices like forklift-to-worker proximity sensors, reverse lights, reverse sensors, flashing lights, beepers, quackers and focus beams
ensure all workers operating a forklift have the appropriate high risk work licence and have received training on the type of forklift they are using
if lighting levels in the work environment are poor, consider fitting additional lighting to the forklift
talk to all workers - including operators and those who work near forklifts - about how to work safely around forklifts
ensure workers are wearing high visibility clothing and using other appropriate personal protective equipment.

Forklift operators:

before moving your forklift, look in all directions for people
be aware of exclusion zones and pedestrian walkways
ask about fitting safety or proximity warning devices to your forklift
always look in the direction of travel and keep your forks lowered
if the load obscures your view, drive in reverse
if your vision is restricted, or if travelling in reverse is not practical, use a trained spotter and ensure that you cease operation if the spotter disappears from view
do not use headphones or operate electronic devices such as mobile phones while operating the forklift.

When working near forklifts:

always keep a safe distance
do not work between the path of the forklift and a fixed object even if the park brake is applied
stay on pedestrian pathways and/or exclusion zones
be aware that a forklift operators’ field of vision is obscured – don’t assume they have seen you
wear a forklift-to-worker proximity warning device, if available
wear high visibility clothing and other appropriate personal protective equipment.

Statistics

Every year forklifts cause workplace deaths and injuries resulting in substantial financial and human costs for workers, industry and the community. The three main reasons workers are killed or seriously injured in forklift incidents are:

being hit or crushed by a forklift
being hit or crushed by a load that the forklift is moving
being crushed in a forklift tip-over.

More information

Code of practice – Managing the risks of plant in the workplace (PDF 1.5MB)
Industrial lift trucks guidance material - Safe Work Australia
Workplace traffic management guidance material - Safe Work Australia
Forklift safety information – SafeWork NSW

The following incident occurred in October 2020 at a poultry farm:

Incident Information Release – Fatal telehandler incident

A farm worker died after he was run over by a 3-tonne telehandler as it was reversing. The telehandler operator was transporting straw bales from a stack into a straw chopper located near a poultry shed. As the operator reversed to pick up another bale from the stack, the worker was run over by the telehandler.

The telehandler including its location

Location and telehandler involved in the incident

Safety information

Site specific traffic management control measures must be implemented to manage the risk of mobile plant causing harm to pedestrians.

Keep people and vehicles apart. Have clearly defined pedestrian only spaces and vehicle only spaces, by:

implementing fixed and secured barriers that prevent people accessing vehicle only areas,
defining pedestrian areas through permanent or temporary barriers or markings, or
use high impact traffic control barriers e.g. bollards or temporary structures.

If it is not reasonably practicable to separate people and vehicles, implement additional controls to minimise the risks such as:

using devices like reversing sensors, reversing cameras, mirrors, rotating lights or audible reversing alarms
have a spotter direct the reversing vehicle (the spotter must remain in visible contact with the driver at all times)
provide clearly identified designated reversing areas
restrict the use of mobile phones by drivers and pedestrians.

Develop a traffic management plan for the site which covers controls and procedures. Further to that, train, instruct and supervise your workers on the traffic management plan.

More information

Code of practice – Managing the risk of plant in the workplace (PDF 2.1MB)

Workplace traffic management guidance material - Safe Work Australia

Plant: Your health and safety guide (PDF 520kb) – WorkSafe Victoria

Moving around safely during loading and unloading

Paying attention to whether or not your everyday tasks are done safely could be the very thing that prevents an injury to yourself or your workmates.

This short video will help you do a quick refresh of your basic safety practices when working in a goods yard, freight terminal or any workplace that requires you to be around trucks or forklifts.

Video: view time: 2 minutes 17 seconds.

Mobile plant in the manufacturing industry

Being hit by a moving object is one of the leading causes of fatalities in the manufacturing industry. Listen to SafeWork NSW Inspector Brian Hughes share his stories and his top tips for staying safe.

Video: view time: 2 minutes 27 seconds.

A 52-year-old worker was killed while conducting minor maintenance works on a home-made front tank attachment on a tractor. Initial inquiries indicate the worker was crushed when the attachment, suspended by the tractor, shifted, resulting in a partial failure of the welded area.

The tractor and attachment involved in the incident.

Safety information

You must consider ‘reasonably practicable’ control measures to manage the risks associated with working with tractors and attachments, including:

assessing the risks associated with each attachment used on the tractor
planning and selecting the correct equipment or attachment for the task
ensuring any attachments used on the tractor are:
- designed for the task being carried out
- installed in accordance with the supplier or manufacturer’s instructions
- suitable for the load being moved or lifted
- regularly inspected and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions
establishing safe systems of work for inspecting or working underneath a tractor including lowering any moveable attachments to the ground or blocking the attachment
ensuring any work or modification to the tractor is designed and carried out by a competent person
ensuring tractor operators and those making modifications are trained and competent in the correct use of the tractor and any attachments, and have access to all relevant safety information provided by the manufacturer.

More information

A worker sustained serious injuries while operating a roller-compactor at a rural property in the Hunter Valley when the vehicle rolled over. The roller-compactor was fitted with a rollover protection system, however the worker was not wearing a seatbelt and was ejected from the cabin through the front windscreen.

A mobile plant near a paddock — Photograph: The incident site and vehicle

Safety information

Vehicle rollovers are one of the highest causes of fatalities in the agricultural industry. Businesses must implement ‘reasonably practicable’ control measures to manage the risks associated with the rollover of vehicles such as tractors and earthmoving machinery.

Fit mobile plant with operator protective devices in accordance with the Work Health and Safety Regulation 2017. Operator protective devices include; a Rollover Protective Structure (ROPS), a Falling Object Protective Structure (FOPS), operator restraining devices and seatbelts
Ensure mobile plant operators always wear a seatbelt while operating the machinery, to keep the operator within the protected ROPS/FOPS
Consider the installation of warning devices and ignition interlocks for seatbelts in mobile plant
Regularly inspect the ROPS/FOPS for rust, cracks, fatigue and deformation and replace any equipment showing any indication of reduced structural integrity
Never modify the structure of the ROPS/FOPS (e.g. weld or drill) because it could undermine its structural integrity.

More information

A worker suffered fatal injuries and a second worker attempting a rescue was rendered unconscious as a result of lack of oxygen, when conducting cleaning operations inside the confined space of a molasses tank at a rural property.

Molasses tank and access hole site of incident

Site of incident incident molasses tank with (390mm) access hole

Safety information

Farm work may involve accessing confined spaces including various types of tanks, silos, and pits. Common hazards associated with working in tanks are:

organic materials that ferment and result in oxygen depletion such as molasses
using petrol or diesel motors inside tanks that generate toxic carbon monoxide

Warning! If someone collapses when working inside a tank, it is important to assess the risks before attempting to rescue them. A high number of people who die in confined spaces are the rescuers. If an incident occurs get help. Do not attempt a rescue without knowing the hazards, understanding the required response and using the proper safety equipment.

When working in or around a confined space such as a molasses tank always:

consider if the work can be done another way without entering the confined space. For example, use external tank connections for cleaning or emptying the tank
have a competent person conduct and document a risk assessment that considers the hazards, how the work can be done safely and the emergency response procedure
test the atmosphere to identify if there is an oxygen deficient atmosphere or atmospheric contaminants and any flammable gas or vapour present in the space
make sure only workers with a permit enter the space and a stand-by worker is supervising the work from outside the space
put signs on or near any confined space and at each entry point to warn that only people who have been properly trained and have an entry permit can enter
make sure there is a safe means of entry and exit
establish emergency procedures and run regular practice drills with workers
provide workers and supervisors with suitable and adequate information, training and instruction to do their work safely and without risks to health. This may include training in hazard identification and risk control methods, entry permit procedures, emergency procedures and how to use respiratory protective equipment
keep records of training, risk assessments and confined space entry permits

More information

View the latest incident information releases at safework.nsw.gov.au

Date of incidents: April 2020

During April there were four separate serious incidents involving quad bikes and a side by side vehicle. Three of the incidents resulted in a fatality, the fourth resulted in spinal injuries to the worker. It is believed that all four incidents involved the vehicle rolling and crushing the rider.

Tamworth

On the morning of the 3 April 2020, a 64-year-old farm worker went to check stock on a sheep stud. When he didn’t return later that afternoon, a search party was organised involving Police and volunteers. The farmer’s body was found that night in a large sloping rocky outcrop, underneath an upright quad bike.

Wauchope

On 8 April, a man was moving his neighbour’s cattle on a side-by-side vehicle. When going up a steep incline the vehicle tipped and rolled, fatally crushing the man underneath. It appears the vehicle's seat belt was fastened so that the vehicle could be started, but not placed around the rider. The man was allegedly not wearing a helmet.

Gloucester

On 13 April, a 69-year-old man sustained a cracked vertebrae and ligament damage when his quad bike rolled over. Westpac Rescue Helicopter transported the man to hospital for treatment.

Grenfell

On 17 April, a 67-year-old woman was found dead in a paddock on her farm. Despite the flat terrain, it appears the quad bike she was riding rolled and crushed her.

Side-by-side vehicle involved in incident (left) and site of incident near Wauchope

Safety information

Consider ‘reasonably practicable’ control measures to manage the risks associated with quad bikes and side-by side-vehicles.

Make sure:

the vehicle is appropriate for the task, the terrain and the rider
you do a quad bike or side-by-side vehicle riding course
you ride at a speed that’s suitable for the conditions
you wear a seatbelt when operating side by side vehicles
you wear an approved helmet
you wear personal protective equipment, such as goggles and sturdy footwear
you use and maintain the vehicle in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions
you don’t overload the vehicle or tow anything that exceeds the vehicle's limits
you assess the environmental conditions, and know where there are rocks, trees, creeks and gullies, and where the ground is soft and rain-affected – a drone might help
you avoid steep terrain
an operator protection device (OPD) is fitted to your quad bike
someone knows where you're going – carry a mobile phone or other communication device
no child under 16 years ride adult size bikes
no passengers on quad bikes

Businesses are reminded of their duty to identify hazards and manage risks to health and safety in accordance with the provisions of the Work Health and Safety Act 2011 and Work Health and Safety Regulation 2017.

Statistics

Since 2001, there have been more than 240 quad bike related deaths on Australian farms.
Over 60 per cent of quad bike fatalities are due to rollover.
About 30 per cent of quad bike fatalities involve head injuries.
About 40 per cent of serious injuries from quad bike incidents involve a traumatic head injury.
Wearing a helmet reduces the risk of fatality in a quad bike incident by 40 per cent.

More information

A 22-year-old worker had his leg amputated after it became entangled in an unguarded in-ground auger, while he was cleaning grain out of a flat bottom silo.

Auger guard was removed

Safety information

Farmers and workers are killed or seriously injured every year while working on or inside silos.

The three key reasons are:

falling from a height
being overcome by fumes in a confined space
getting dragged into the auger.

Consider ‘reasonably practicable’ control measures to manage the risks associated with working near augers and silos.

Make sure:

parts of the auger that may cause injury – chutes, channels, belts, pulleys – are guarded
guards can only be removed using a tool
you use hydraulic rather than mechanical drive systems
a competent person regularly inspects, maintains and services the auger
you shut-off machinery before servicing
you use a lock-out/tag-out procedure when working with augers – don’t use hands or feet to clear blockages
guards are replaced after maintenance
workers are trained to use augers
inexperienced workers are supervised.

More information

Date of incident: 20 March 2020

A 20-year-old stablehand suffered a brain injury after she was kicked in the head and face by a horse, while leading it from its stable to a yard in windy conditions. Displaying flighty, anxious behaviour, it broke free of the lead rope and kicked out with both hind legs.

Safety information

Many workers have been killed or injured falling from a horse, or being bitten, struck or kicked.

When working with or around horses:

match the person and the horse – knowledge of the horse’s background and the person’s skill level is vital – this involves a separate assessment of the person and the horse
make sure all workers are inducted, trained and supervised
make sure workers wear personal protective equipment, such as a helmet (compliant with AS/NZ 3836:2006 Helmets for horse riding and horse related activities or equivalent), safety vest, enclosed boots and gloves
create a safe environment, with enough space for horses and workers, and suitable exit points
develop safe work procedures for moving and handling horses
move quietly and confidently around horses
be alert to sudden changes in a horse’s behaviour
consider the age and behaviour of a horse
consider things that might ‘spook’ a horse, such as weather, traffic or other horses
always be in a position where you can quickly move away from a horse
never approach a horse in its kicking zone.

When leading a horse, you should:

approach it with safety zones in mind, and make a noise so it’s aware you’re approaching
do so from the left shoulder of the horse, with both hands on the lead rope
do one horse a time.

Statistics

More than 10 people are hospitalised every day due to a horse-related injury.
More than 130 horse-related fatalities occurred in NSW between 2000 and 2014
Young females are most prone to horse-related injuries, while males are most likely to suffer fatal injuries.
40 per cent of all injuries involve being hit by a horse.

More information

Date of incident: 19 December 2019

A farmer died after being crushed by a tractor when trying to jump-start it at a property in Coolabah

Incident scene

The investigation

SafeWork NSW inspectors responded to the incident.
SafeWork NSW commenced an investigation to determine the cause and circumstances of the incident.

Safety information

Businesses are reminded of their duty to identify hazards and manage risks to health and safety in accordance with the provisions of the Work Health and Safety Act 2011 and Work Health and Safety Regulation 2017.

Consider ‘reasonably practicable’ control measures to manage the risks associated with working on tractors. Make sure:

the tractor is routinely inspected and maintained according to the manufacturer’s recommendations or, if none, the recommendations of a competent person
all work on the tractor is done by trained and suitably experienced workers, according to the manufacturer’s recommendations
interlocking devices that prohibit jump-starting are in proper working condition, and not bypassed or removed
you don’t jump-start the tractor unless the manufacturer has given you specific procedures.

Further information

Download a PDF of this release

Date of incident: 5 November 2019

A 36-year-old man died when the tractor he was steering – which was being towed by another tractor – rolled over and crushed him. The incident occurred at Clybucca.

Tractor towed with chain — Tractor towed using chain

The investigation

SafeWork NSW inspectors responded to the incident.
SafeWork NSW commenced an investigation to determine the cause and circumstances of the incident.

Safety information

A vehicle rollover is one of the most common causes of fatalities in the agricultural industry.

Consider ‘reasonably practicable’ control measures to manage the risks associated with the rollover of vehicles such as tractors. Make sure:

you don’t hitch above the centre line of the axle when pulling heavy loads
you hitch to the front drawbar and use reverse gear when towing a vehicle, to eliminate the potential for the tractor to backflip
you use the clutch gently when starting up a slope, or towing
you use an approved fold-down ROPS, with a locking device, when working inside or close to buildings or trees – and install other rollover-protection measures when the ROPS is folded down
you don’t steer sideways when going up or down a slope
the tractor is fitted with a rollover protection structure (ROPS), in accordance with section 26 of the regulation – more information is in AS1636:1996
the ROPS is regularly checked for rust, cracks, fatigue and deformation – if it is present, repair or replace the ROPS
you don’t change the ROPS – weld it or drill it - without first getting advice from the manufacturer or a suitably competent person
a seatbelt, when fitted, is always worn.

Further information

Code of practice: Safe design and operation of tractors
Tractor rollover protection structures (ROPS) – Requirements – WorkSafe Victoria
Tractor safety precautions – WorkCover Queensland
Safe use of tractors with attachments – WorkSafe WA
Code of practice: Managing the risks of plant in the workplace
Agriculture work health and safety sector plan
Small business safety rebate program (includes purchase of a ROPS).

Download a PDF of this release

Date of incident: 20 October 2019

Incident overview

A male farmer sustained fatal crush injuries when the side-by-side vehicle (SSV) he was operating rolled on a farm in Kybeyan.

The investigation

Caption: Side-by-side vehicle involved in the incident.

SafeWork NSW inspectors responded to the incident.
SafeWork NSW commenced an investigation to determine the cause and circumstances of the incident.

Safety information

Businesses are reminded of their duty to identify hazards and manage risks to health and safety in accordance with the provisions of the Work Health and Safety Act 2011 and Work Health and Safety Regulation 2017.

Businesses must implement ‘reasonably practicable’ control measures to manage the risks associated with operating a side-by-side vehicle, including

doing a side-by-side vehicle driving course
driving at a speed that’s suitable for the conditions
wearing a seatbelt and helmet
maintaining the vehicle in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions.

Further information

You can also refer to the following guidance materials:

Date of incident: 5 October 2019

A 38-year-old man sustained fatal injuries after losing control and rolling a 4WD farm vehicle as he descended a steep hill at Yaven Creek, near Adelong, in the Riverina region of NSW.

location of incident and vehicle — Site of incident and vehicle

The investigation

SafeWork NSW inspectors responded to the incident.

SafeWork NSW commenced an investigation to determine the cause and circumstances of the incident.

Safety information

Consider ‘reasonably practicable’ control measures to manage the risks of using plant, such as farm vehicles, on steep terrain. Make sure:

the vehicle is appropriate for the task and the terrain
the vehicle is maintained according to the manufacturer’s recommendations
you reduce the tyre pressure, to increase the traction
you use seat belts and drive in low gear
the load is secure and doesn’t affect the vehicle’s stability
you assess the environmental conditions, knowing where there are rocks, trees, creeks and gullies, and where the ground is soft and rain-affected – consider walking the route before driving
you have plan B if the terrain is too steep or the vehicle too unstable
the driver is well-trained in using the vehicle for the task being undertaken.

Further information

Download a PDF of this release

Date of incident: 6 August 2019

Incident overview

A 69 year old, male, contract transport driver sustained fatal crush injuries after being struck by a bull in north western NSW. The worker was loading cattle onto a single deck trailer cattle transporter when a bull turned to exit the truck and pinned him against the race wall.

The investigation

SafeWork NSW inspectors responded to the incident.
SafeWork NSW commenced an investigation to determine the cause and circumstances of the incident.

Safety information

Consider ‘reasonably practicable’ control measures to manage the risk of being crushed, kicked, trampled or gored. If you work with cattle during loading or unloading you are at greater risk of being injured when:

you are inside the confines of the loading ramp (either behind or in between the cattle)
you put your limbs through the bars of the ramp to move the cattle up or down the ramp.

Handlers must anticipate unpredictable animal behaviour when animals are in confined situations during loading, particularly when loading cattle by ramp. To stay safe:

Train workers to perform the task safely.
Design the loading ramp to accommodate the size and flow of the cattle.
Ensure the width of the loading ramp is appropriate to the breed or class of cattle that will be negotiating the ramp.
Ensure the slope of the loading ramp is not too steep.
Put sheeting or panels along the walls of the loading ramp (sheeted panels make the cattle focus on the ramp exit and eliminate other distractions, sheeting also prevents your legs getting caught).
Use a non-slip material on the floors of the ramp that does not vibrate or create noises likely to startle the animals.
Use a catwalk and handrail alongside the ramp to help handlers move cattle at a safe distance.
Fix a sliding gate at the top of the ramp that can be safely used to secure animals on the truck once it is loaded.
Employ ‘low stress’ livestock handling techniques during loading or unloading.

Further information

You can also refer to the following guidance materials:

Download a pdf of this release.